Includes bibliographical references.

Lord of the flies : a moral allegory / William Golding -- On the nature and purpose of morality : reflections on William Golding's Lord of the flies / Louis P. Pojman -- On the state of nature / Thomas Hobbes -- Billy Budd / Herman Melville -- Why is there evil? / Fyodor Dostoevsky -- Sophie's choice / William Styron -- The new slavery / Kevin Bales -- From cruelty to goodness / Philip Hallie -- Wickedness / Stanley Benn -- Beyond good and evil / Friedrich Nietzsche -- On the origin of good and evil / Richard Taylor -- Custom is king / Herodotus -- The case for moral relativism / Ruth Benedict -- The case against moral relativism / Louis P. Pojman -- Judge not? / Jean Bethke Elshtain -- Trying out one's new sword / Mary Midgley -- The enemy of the people / Henrik Ibsen -- Seaman Holmes and the longboat of William Brown / John William Wallace -- Classical utilitarianism / Jeremy Bentham -- Utilitarianism refined / John Stuart Mill -- A defense of utilitarianism / Kai Nielsen -- Against utilitarianism / Bernard Williams -- The ones who walk away from Omelas / Ursula Le Guin -- The utilitarian social engineer and the savage / Aldous Huxley -- The moral law / Immanuel Kant -- Kant's theory / William K. Frankena -- Intuitionism / W.D. Ross -- The deep beauty of the golden rule / R.M. MacIver -- A critique of the golden rule / Richard Whately -- A horseman in the sky / Ambrose Bierce -- The evil of lying / Charles Fried -- Does morality depend on religion? / Plato -- Moral luck / Thomas Nagel -- The bishop and the candlesticks / Victor Hugo -- Virtue ethics / Aristotle -- Virtue and the moral life / Bernard Mayo -- Saints and heroes / J.O. Urmson -- The great stone face / Nathaniel Hawthorne -- A critique of virtue-based ethical systems / William K. Frankena --The sermon on the mount ; The good Samaritan / Jesus of Nazareth -- How much land does a man need? : Greed / Leo Tolstoy -- Jealousy, malice, and ingratitude / Immanuel Kant -- Moral cowardice / Martin Gansberg -- Three days to see : gratitude / Helen Keller -- The stoic catechism / Epictetus and others -- In consolation to his wife : equanimity / Plutarch -- The world of Epictetus : courage and endurance / James Stockdale -- Reflections on suffering / Bertrand Russell -- The ring of Gyges / Plato -- In defense of ethical egoism / Ayn Rand -- Egoism and altruism : a critique of Ayn Rand / Louis P. Pojman -- A critique of ethical egoism / James Rachels -- The good Brahmin / Voltaire -- Hedonism / Epicurus -- Albert Camus / Life is absurd -- Religion gives meaning to life / Lois Hope Walker -- The human search for meaning : reflections on Auschwitz / Viktor Frankl -- The four noble truths / Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha -- The experience machine / Robert Nozick -- I have a dream / Martin Luther King, Jr. -- Graduation / Maya Angelou -- An experiment in autonomy / Stanley Milgram -- Existentialism is a humanism / Jean-Paul Sarte -- Servility and self-respect / Thomas E. Hill, Jr. -- Harrison Bergeron / Kurt Vonnegut -- Pansexuality / John Barth -- On the place of sex in human existence / Immanuel Kant -- Monogamy : a critique / John McMurtry -- Marriage, love, and procreation : a critique of McMurtry / Michael D. Bayles -- What's wrong with adultery? / Bonnie Steinbock -- We have no "right to happiness" / C.S. Lewis -- What do grown children owe their parents? / Jane English -- Why abortion is immoral / Don Marquis -- A defense of abortion / Judith Jarvis Thomson -- Abortion is morally permissible / Mary Anne Warren -- The moderate position : beyond the personhood argument / Jane English -- Voluntary active euthanasia / Dan W. Brock -- The wrongfulness of euthanasia / J. Gay-Williams -- Active and passive euthanasia / James Rachels -- Shooting an elephant / George Orwell -- We have only indirect duties to animals / Immanuel Kant -- Animal liberation : all animals are equal / Peter Singer -- The case against animal rights / Carl Cohen -- On mankind's power over nature / Sophocles -- What has posterity ever done for me? / Robert Heilbroner -- The tragedy of the commons / Garrett Hardin -- People or penguins : the case for optimal pollution -- God's command to destroy Jericho and Ai -- Compassion and terror / Martha C. Nussbaum -- The cosmopolitan response to terrorism / Louis P. Pojman -- What is wrong with terrorism? / Thomas Nagel.